Задание 1. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая
внимание на употребление прилагательных в сравнительной и
превосходной степенях. Подчеркните прилагательные в английских
предложениях и укажите степень сравнения.
1.The telephone is one of the most useful inventions.
2. The use of longer rail is advantageous in maintenance work.
3. Your handwriting is now better than it was last year.
Задание 2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив
прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной
степени.
1. Those were the (happy) days in her life.
2. Oil is (light) than water.
3. He was one of the (experienced) workers in the factory.
Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите
форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию (основной, вспомогательный,
модальный) глаголов TO BE и TO HAVE. Подчеркните эти глаголы в
английском варианте.
1. For the safety of running trains all railroads were divided into divisions
2. The foundation of the bridge has to be very secure.
3. All trains in one direction have even numbers.
4. Everybody knows that the importance of railways is great.
5. They are digging the ground for the foundation of the house.
Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая
внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Simple) (Present,
Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залоге. Выпишите
сказуемые и укажите их видовременную форму и залог.
1. They learnt about the accident from the newspaper.
2. Nowadays all rails are made of steel.
3. Our train will depart at 10 in the morning.
Задание 5. Перепишите и переведите текст.
Franz Anton Ritter von Gerstner
PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version http://www.pdffactory.com
17
F.Gerstner was an Austrian and Czech engineer. He was the first who built
railways in Czech, Austria and Russia.
F.Gerstner was born in Prague in 1796. He was the fourth child in the family.
His mother died when Franz was 12. He studied philosophy and engineering at the
Prague University.
Sought to implement a project for the construction of a railway between Vitava
and Danube, he travelled to England to study the construction of the first railways
there. On September 7, 1824 the Austrian Emperor Francis II signed the
concession for 50 years for the development and operation of the railway in Czech.
The railway was built by 1832. By this time F.Gerstner had already become the
famous Austrian engineer and a professor of Vienna Technological University.
In August 1834 Gerstner arrived in Russia where he was encouraged by the
idea of building a railway. It took him 3 months for collecting statistics.
At the beginning of 1835 on his return to Moscow he gave a note to Emperor
Nicholas I in which he outlined his views on the construction of railways. The note
stated that…” There is no country in the world where the railways would be more
beneficial and even necessary, than in Russia, as they provide a great opportunity
to reduce the distance by increasing the speed of movement…”
In January 1835 F.Gerstner presented the tsar the plans for building the railway.
Educated Construction Committee considered the construction of the railway in
Russia useful and technically possible. The official opening of the Tsarskoye Selo
railway was held in October 30, 1837.
In 1838 Gerstner was sent to America to study railways. He performed an
intensive study of the problem and on his returned he recommended using the
American specialists in the construction of a new railway line which would
connect the two Russian capitals – Moscow and St.Petersburg. The tsar refused to
do this. Instead of it two Russian engineers P.Melnikov and N.O.Kraft were sent to
America to investigate the problem. Information which completed satistied the
Russian government was received from George W.Whistler.
Gerstner died in Philadelphia in 1840 and W.Whistler proceeded to build the
Nicholas I railway.